Alprazolam is available in immediate-release and extended-release forms. The immediate-release tablets are typically prescribed for the short-term treatment of anxiety and panic disorders, while extended-release tablets are used for the long-term management of anxiety disorders.

The dosage of alprazolam can vary depending on the individual's age, medical condition, and response to treatment. The usual starting dose for adults with anxiety is 0.25-0.5 mg three times a day, which can be increased gradually every 3-4 days. The maximum recommended daily dose is 4 mg, divided into smaller doses throughout the day. For panic disorders, the starting dose is usually 0.5 mg three times a day, with a maximum dose of 10 mg per day.

Like any medication, alprazolam can cause side effects. The most common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, headache, dry mouth, and changes in appetite. These side effects usually go away as the body adjusts to the medication. However, if they persist or become bothersome, it is important to consult a doctor.

More serious side effects of alprazolam may include confusion, memory problems, difficulty breathing, and allergic reactions such as rash, swelling, and itching. These side effects are rare but may require immediate medical attention. Long-term use of alprazolam may also lead to dependence and withdrawal symptoms when the medication is stopped abruptly. It is important to follow the doctor's instructions and gradually reduce the dose when discontinuing alprazolam to avoid these symptoms.

Before taking alprazolam, it is important to inform the doctor about any medical conditions, especially if you have a history of liver or kidney disease, glaucoma, or a substance use disorder. It is also essential to disclose any medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking, as they may interact with alprazolam and cause adverse effects.

Alprazolam is not recommended for use in pregnant women, as it can pass through the placenta and harm the unborn baby. It is also not safe to use while breastfeeding, as it can pass into breast milk and cause drowsiness and other side effects in the nursing infant.

Alprazolam may impair your thinking and reactions, so it is important to avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medication affects you. Alcohol should also be avoided while taking alprazolam, as it can increase the risk of side effects and worsen the symptoms of anxiety.